創(chuang)意無(wu)極限(xian)，儀(yi)表大(da)發明。今天為(wei)大(da)家介紹一(yi)項國(guo)家發明授(shou)權專利——一(yi)種模(mo)擬氣體閥門內(nei)漏的試驗裝置及試驗方法。該專利由中國(guo)石(shi)油化(hua)工(gong)股份有(you)限(xian)公司青(qing)島安全工(gong)程研究院申(shen)請(qing)，并于2017年7月(yue)18日獲(huo)得授(shou)權公告。

內容說明
 本發明屬于(yu)石化設備泄漏檢測領域，具體涉及一(yi)種(zhong)模擬氣體閥門內漏的試驗裝(zhuang)置及試驗方法。

發明背景
閥門內漏傳統檢測方法需要停產、拆卸和打壓等工序，目前還缺乏在線診斷閥門內漏程度的有效方法和手段。國外學者近十幾年進行了大量研究，Kaewwaewnoi W .，Mostafapour A，Noipitak M，Meland E和戴光等人基于Lighthill的早期研究結果提出了閥門內漏產生聲發射的理論預測。聲發射檢測技術作為一種新型的無損檢測技術被證明是一種有發展潛力的檢測手段。
由(you)于石(shi)化生產(chan)裝(zhuang)置工(gong)況(kuang)復雜，如何建(jian)立不同工(gong)況(kuang)下的閥門(men)內漏量(liang)關系式，即(ji)在給(gei)定的工(gong)藝參數條(tiao)件下，基于聲發射信號(hao)來判(pan)斷閥門(men)內漏量(liang)，是困擾(rao)石(shi)化企(qi)業的一個(ge)難題(ti)。

申請號為“CN 102928181 A”、發(fa)明(ming)名稱為“一種用(yong)于烴類閥(fa)門內(nei)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)漏檢測的模(mo)擬(ni)系(xi)統”公開(kai)了一種模(mo)擬(ni)閥(fa)門發(fa)生內(nei)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)漏的檢測系(xi)統及(ji)其(qi)方法。通過控制閥(fa)門的不(bu)同開(kai)度(du)來(lai)閥(fa)門發(fa)生內(nei)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)漏的狀(zhuang)態，通過差壓變送器、流量傳感器以(yi)及(ji)聲發(fa)射探頭(tou)傳輸信(xin)號，由后(hou)端的數(shu)據采集(ji)軟件(jian)采集(ji)相(xiang)對(dui)應(ying)的各組數(shu)據。并且在大量數(shu)據的基礎(chu)上形(xing)成了一套判別軟件(jian)在現場離線(xian)檢測時可以(yi)通過調用(yong)數(shu)據庫里的對(dui)應(ying)信(xin)息來(lai)判斷閥(fa)門是否發(fa)生內(nei)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)漏，以(yi)及(ji)泄(xie)(xie)(xie)漏量的大小。

然而，上述技(ji)術(shu)采(cai)用流(liu)量(liang)計來計量(liang)閥(fa)(fa)門(men)內漏(lou)量(liang)，而流(liu)量(liang)計范圍(wei)窄，閥(fa)(fa)門(men)尺(chi)寸不(bu)(bu)同，內漏(lou)量(liang)差別很大(da)，不(bu)(bu)同閥(fa)(fa)門(men)需(xu)要采(cai)用不(bu)(bu)同測量(liang)范圍(wei)的流(liu)量(liang)計，實施成本高，而且不(bu)(bu)同流(liu)量(liang)計之間的相(xiang)應差異，難(nan)以保證數據(ju)可靠。另外(wai)，石化生產(chan)裝置中，除(chu)少數開口管線(xian)背(bei)壓為大(da)氣外(wai)，多數閥(fa)(fa)門(men)有背(bei)壓，上述技(ji)術(shu)的試驗閥(fa)(fa)門(men)背(bei)壓是通過(guo)收集罐實現(xian)的，無法自由設置，因此(ci)難(nan)以滿足模(mo)擬石化生產(chan)多工(gong)況。現(xian)有試驗采(cai)用剛性管線(xian)連接各部件(jian)，難(nan)以適用不(bu)(bu)同標準(zhun)或不(bu)(bu)同壓力等級(ji)或不(bu)(bu)同類型(xing)的石化閥(fa)(fa)門(men)，模(mo)擬閥(fa)(fa)門(men)類別受(shou)到很大(da)限制(zhi)。

發明背景
針對現有技術(shu)(shu)中(zhong)存在的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)述(shu)技術(shu)(shu)問題(ti)，本(ben)發明提(ti)出了一種模擬氣體閥門(men)內(nei)漏的(de)(de)(de)試驗裝置及試驗方法，設計合理(li)，克服了現有技術(shu)(shu)受流量計測量范(fan)圍的(de)(de)(de)限制，適用(yong)范(fan)圍廣，操作簡易(yi)，節約成本(ben)，具有良好的(de)(de)(de)效果。

為了實現上(shang)述(shu)(shu)目的，本發明采用如下技術(shu)方案：一(yi)(yi)種模(mo)擬(ni)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)內漏的試驗(yan)(yan)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，包括主管(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、儀(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)管(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、壓(ya)力信號線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和控(kong)制信號線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，還包括空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)縮機、儲氣(qi)(qi)(qi)罐(guan)、緩沖罐(guan)、試驗(yan)(yan)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)組、差(cha)壓(ya)計、參比罐(guan)、溫度計、空(kong)壓(ya)機控(kong)制系統(tong)、第(di)一(yi)(yi)調壓(ya)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、第(di)二(er)調壓(ya)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、第(di)一(yi)(yi)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)、第(di)二(er)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)、第(di)三閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)、第(di)一(yi)(yi)儀(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)、第(di)二(er)儀(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)、第(di)三儀(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)以及(ji)第(di)六“8”字型(xing)盲板，所(suo)述(shu)(shu)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)縮機、儲氣(qi)(qi)(qi)罐(guan)、第(di)一(yi)(yi)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)、第(di)一(yi)(yi)調壓(ya)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、緩沖罐(guan)、第(di)二(er)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)、試驗(yan)(yan)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)組、第(di)二(er)調壓(ya)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、第(di)三閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)和第(di)六“8”字型(xing)盲板通(tong)過(guo)主管(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)依(yi)次連接，所(suo)述(shu)(shu)儲氣(qi)(qi)(qi)罐(guan)、第(di)一(yi)(yi)儀(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)、參比罐(guan)、第(di)二(er)儀(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)、差(cha)壓(ya)計和第(di)三儀(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)通(tong)過(guo)儀(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)管(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)依(yi)次連接，所(suo)述(shu)(shu)溫度計設置(zhi)在(zai)儲氣(qi)(qi)(qi)罐(guan)之上(shang)，所(suo)述(shu)(shu)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)縮機和空(kong)壓(ya)機控(kong)制系統(tong)通(tong)過(guo)控(kong)制信號線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)連接。

優(you)選地，所述空壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機控制系(xi)統和儲(chu)氣罐通(tong)過(guo)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)信(xin)號線(xian)(xian)連接(jie)。所述第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)通(tong)過(guo)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)信(xin)號線(xian)(xian)和試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)組(zu)(zu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)側即第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)靠近(jin)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)組(zu)(zu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)側連接(jie)。所述第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)通(tong)過(guo)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)信(xin)號線(xian)(xian)和試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)組(zu)(zu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)側即第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)靠近(jin)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)組(zu)(zu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)側連接(jie)。所述試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)組(zu)(zu)包(bao)括第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)匯(hui)(hui)線(xian)(xian)和第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)匯(hui)(hui)線(xian)(xian)，所述第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)上依次(ci)設(she)置(zhi)有第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)“8”字(zi)型(xing)(xing)(xing)盲(mang)(mang)板、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)波(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)和第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)，所述第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)上依次(ci)設(she)置(zhi)有第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)“8”字(zi)型(xing)(xing)(xing)盲(mang)(mang)板、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)波(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)和第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)，所述第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)上依次(ci)設(she)置(zhi)有第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)“8”字(zi)型(xing)(xing)(xing)盲(mang)(mang)板、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)波(bo)紋管(guan)(guan)和第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)，所述第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)匯(hui)(hui)線(xian)(xian)設(she)置(zhi)在第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)和試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)組(zu)(zu)之間的(de)主管(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)和靠近(jin)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)“8”字(zi)型(xing)(xing)(xing)盲(mang)(mang)板一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端的(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)相(xiang)連接(jie)處，所述第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)匯(hui)(hui)線(xian)(xian)設(she)置(zhi)在第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)組(zu)(zu)之間的(de)主管(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)和靠近(jin)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端的(de)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)相(xiang)連接(jie)處。

優選地，所述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)匯(hui)(hui)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上設置有第(di)(di)四“8”字型盲板，所述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)匯(hui)(hui)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)將第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、第(di)(di)二(er)(er)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和第(di)(di)三試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)端連接(jie)在一(yi)(yi)(yi)起。所述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)匯(hui)(hui)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上設置有第(di)(di)五(wu)“8”字型盲板，所述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)匯(hui)(hui)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)將第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、第(di)(di)二(er)(er)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和第(di)(di)三試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)另一(yi)(yi)(yi)端連接(jie)在一(yi)(yi)(yi)起。所述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)主(zhu)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)直(zhi)徑在DN50～DN100范圍內，所述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)匯(hui)(hui)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)徑和第(di)(di)二(er)(er)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)匯(hui)(hui)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)徑為(wei)(wei)所述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)主(zhu)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)直(zhi)徑的(de)3至5倍，所述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、第(di)(di)二(er)(er)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和第(di)(di)三試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)徑為(wei)(wei)所述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)主(zhu)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)直(zhi)徑的(de)0 .5至3倍，所述(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)波紋管(guan)、第(di)(di)二(er)(er)波紋管(guan)和第(di)(di)三波紋管(guan)最大伸縮(suo)范圍不低于與其連接(jie)的(de)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)徑的(de)二(er)(er)分之一(yi)(yi)(yi)。

本發明所帶來的(de)(de)有(you)(you)益技術效果：通過本發明模擬(ni)(ni)閥門內(nei)(nei)漏，采用(yong)調壓閥控制試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)閥門的(de)(de)上下(xia)(xia)游壓力，可模擬(ni)(ni)石化生(sheng)產工(gong)藝中閥門的(de)(de)真實工(gong)況，試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)數據可靠性將有(you)(you)較大(da)提(ti)高，通過試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)數據分析形(xing)成的(de)(de)經驗(yan)(yan)算法可直接用(yong)于相(xiang)似工(gong)況條(tiao)件下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)閥門內(nei)(nei)漏診斷；借助于差分壓力測(ce)量原理提(ti)高了裝置模擬(ni)(ni)微小內(nei)(nei)漏的(de)(de)能力，克(ke)服了現有(you)(you)技術受流量計測(ce)量范(fan)圍的(de)(de)限制，大(da)大(da)擴(kuo)展了模擬(ni)(ni)閥門的(de)(de)類別和尺寸，具有(you)(you)適用(yong)范(fan)圍廣(guang)，操作(zuo)簡易和節省(sheng)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)費用(yong)等優點。

本(ben)(ben)發明提出了一種模擬(ni)氣體閥(fa)門(men)內(nei)漏(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)裝置及(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)方(fang)法，與現(xian)有(you)技術(shu)(shu)相比，有(you)以(yi)(yi)下優點：根據本(ben)(ben)發明模擬(ni)石化(hua)生產閥(fa)門(men)內(nei)漏(lou)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)調整試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)持(chi)續時間，使參(can)比罐(guan)與儲(chu)氣罐(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)差在測量(liang)儀表測量(liang)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)，試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)方(fang)案可(ke)行(xing)性強，克服了現(xian)有(you)技術(shu)(shu)需(xu)要切換流量(liang)計的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)繁(fan)瑣操作以(yi)(yi)及(ji)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)窄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺點；本(ben)(ben)發明中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)閥(fa)門(men)上下游(you)壓(ya)力(li)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)在一定范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)任意(yi)設置，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)全覆蓋無縫模擬(ni)實際工況，采(cai)用本(ben)(ben)發明取得(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)漏(lou)模擬(ni)數據在線(xian)診斷閥(fa)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)靠(kao)性較現(xian)有(you)技術(shu)(shu)更高；本(ben)(ben)發明通(tong)過各試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)支線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盲(mang)板將(jiang)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)閥(fa)門(men)組中各閥(fa)門(men)相互隔離，抑制了各試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)閥(fa)門(men)可(ke)能本(ben)(ben)身(shen)關不嚴(yan)而相互干擾(rao)；本(ben)(ben)發明各試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)管線(xian)采(cai)用波紋管，以(yi)(yi)適(shi)合(he)不同標(biao)準或壓(ya)力(li)等級的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閥(fa)門(men)內(nei)漏(lou)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)，拓展了模擬(ni)閥(fa)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)(fan)（據儀表網(wang)）